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*matchit.txt* Extended "%" matching
For instructions on installing this file, type
:help matchit-install
inside Vim.
For Vim version 6.3. Last change: 2007 Aug 29
VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Benji Fisher
*matchit* *matchit.vim*
1. Extended matching with "%" |matchit-intro|
2. Activation |matchit-activate|
3. Configuration |matchit-configure|
4. Supporting a New Language |matchit-newlang|
5. Known Bugs and Limitations |matchit-bugs|
The functionality mentioned here is a plugin, see |add-plugin|.
This plugin is only available if 'compatible' is not set.
You can avoid loading this plugin by setting the "loaded_matchit" variable
in your |vimrc| file: >
:let loaded_matchit = 1
{Vi does not have any of this}
==============================================================================
1. Extended matching with "%" *matchit-intro*
*matchit-%*
% Cycle forward through matching groups, such as "if", "else", "endif",
as specified by |b:match_words|.
*g%* *v_g%* *o_g%*
g% Cycle backwards through matching groups, as specified by
|b:match_words|. For example, go from "if" to "endif" to "else".
*[%* *v_[%* *o_[%*
[% Go to [count] previous unmatched group, as specified by
|b:match_words|. Similar to |[{|.
*]%* *v_]%* *o_]%*
]% Go to [count] next unmatched group, as specified by
|b:match_words|. Similar to |]}|.
*v_a%*
a% In Visual mode, select the matching group, as specified by
|b:match_words|, containing the cursor. Similar to |v_a[|.
A [count] is ignored, and only the first character of the closing
pattern is selected.
In Vim, as in plain vi, the percent key, |%|, jumps the cursor from a brace,
bracket, or paren to its match. This can be configured with the 'matchpairs'
option. The matchit plugin extends this in several ways:
You can match whole words, such as "if" and "endif", not just
single characters. You can also specify a |regular-expression|.
You can define groups with more than two words, such as "if",
"else", "endif". Banging on the "%" key will cycle from the "if" to
the first "else", the next "else", ..., the closing "endif", and back
to the opening "if". Nested structures are skipped. Using |g%| goes
in the reverse direction.
By default, words inside comments and strings are ignored, unless
the cursor is inside a comment or string when you type "%". If the
only thing you want to do is modify the behavior of "%" so that it
behaves this way, you do not have to define |b:match_words|, since the
script uses the 'matchpairs' option as well as this variable.
See |matchit-details| for details on what the script does, and |b:match_words|
for how to specify matching patterns.
MODES: *matchit-modes* *matchit-v_%* *matchit-o_%*
Mostly, % and related motions (|g%| and |[%| and |]%|) work just like built-in
|motion| commands in |Operator-pending| and |Visual| modes. However, you
cannot make these motions |linewise| or |characterwise|, since the |:omap|s
that define them start with "v" in order to make the default behavior
inclusive. (See |o_v|.) In other words, "dV%" will not work. The
work-around is to go through Visual mode: "V%d" will work.
LANGUAGES: *matchit-languages*
Currently, the following languages are supported: Ada, ASP with VBS, Csh,
DTD, Entity, Essbase, Fortran, HTML, JSP (same as HTML), LaTeX, Lua, Pascal,
SGML, Shell, Tcsh, Vim, XML. Other languages may already have support via
the default |filetype-plugin|s in the standard vim distribution.
To support a new language, see |matchit-newlang| below.
DETAILS: *matchit-details* *matchit-parse*
Here is an outline of what matchit.vim does each time you hit the "%" key. If
there are |backref|s in |b:match_words| then the first step is to produce a
version in which these back references have been eliminated; if there are no
|backref|s then this step is skipped. This step is called parsing. For
example, "\(foo\|bar\):end\1" is parsed to yield
"\(foo\|bar\):end\(foo\|bar\)". This can get tricky, especially if there are
nested groups. If debugging is turned on, the parsed version is saved as
|b:match_pat|.
*matchit-choose*
Next, the script looks for a word on the current line that matches the pattern
just constructed. It includes the patterns from the 'matchpairs' option.
The goal is to do what you expect, which turns out to be a little complicated.
The script follows these rules:
Insist on a match that ends on or after the cursor.
Prefer a match that includes the cursor position (that is, one that
starts on or before the cursor).
Prefer a match that starts as close to the cursor as possible.
If more than one pattern in |b:match_words| matches, choose the one
that is listed first.
Examples:
Suppose you >
:let b:match_words = '<:>,<tag>:</tag>'
< and hit "%" with the cursor on or before the "<" in "a <tag> is born".
The pattern '<' comes first, so it is preferred over '<tag>', which
also matches. If the cursor is on the "t", however, then '<tag>' is
preferred, because this matches a bit of text containing the cursor.
If the two groups of patterns were reversed then '<' would never be
preferred.
Suppose you >
:let b:match_words = 'if:end if'
< (Note the space!) and hit "%" with the cursor at the end of "end if".
Then "if" matches, which is probably not what you want, but if the
cursor starts on the "end " then "end if" is chosen. (You can avoid
this problem by using a more complicated pattern.)
If there is no match, the cursor does not move. (Before version 1.13 of the
script, it would fall back on the usual behavior of |%|). If debugging is
turned on, the matched bit of text is saved as |b:match_match| and the cursor
column of the start of the match is saved as |b:match_col|.
Next, the script looks through |b:match_words| (original and parsed versions)
for the group and pattern that match. If debugging is turned on, the group is
saved as |b:match_ini| (the first pattern) and |b:match_tail| (the rest). If
there are |backref|s then, in addition, the matching pattern is saved as
|b:match_word| and a table of translations is saved as |b:match_table|. If
there are |backref|s, these are determined from the matching pattern and
|b:match_match| and substituted into each pattern in the matching group.
The script decides whether to search forwards or backwards and chooses
arguments for the |searchpair()| function. Then, the cursor is moved to the
start of the match, and |searchpair()| is called. By default, matching
structures inside strings and comments are ignored. This can be changed by
setting |b:match_skip|.
==============================================================================
2. Activation *matchit-activate*
You can use this script as a plugin, by copying it to your plugin directory.
See |add-global-plugin| for instructions. You can also add a line to your
|vimrc| file, such as >
:source $VIMRUNTIME/macros/matchit.vim
or >
:runtime macros/matchit.vim
Either way, the script should start working the next time you start up Vim.
(Earlier versions of the script did nothing unless a |buffer-variable| named
|b:match_words| was defined. Even earlier versions contained autocommands
that set this variable for various file types. Now, |b:match_words| is
defined in many of the default |filetype-plugin|s instead.)
For a new language, you can add autocommands to the script or to your vimrc
file, but the recommended method is to add a line such as >
let b:match_words = '\<foo\>:\<bar\>'
to the |filetype-plugin| for your language. See |b:match_words| below for how
this variable is interpreted.
TROUBLESHOOTING *matchit-troubleshoot*
The script should work in most installations of Vim. It may not work if Vim
was compiled with a minimal feature set, for example if the |+syntax| option
was not enabled. If your Vim has support for syntax compiled in, but you do
not have |syntax| highlighting turned on, matchit.vim should work, but it may
fail to skip matching groups in comments and strings. If the |filetype|
mechanism is turned off, the |b:match_words| variable will probably not be
defined automatically.
==============================================================================
3. Configuration *matchit-configure*
There are several variables that govern the behavior of matchit.vim. Note
that these are variables local to the buffer, not options, so use |:let| to
define them, not |:set|. Some of these variables have values that matter; for
others, it only matters whether the variable has been defined. All of these
can be defined in the |filetype-plugin| or autocommand that defines
|b:match_words| or "on the fly."
The main variable is |b:match_words|. It is described in the section below on
supporting a new language.
*MatchError* *matchit-hl* *matchit-highlight*
MatchError is the highlight group for error messages from the script. By
default, it is linked to WarningMsg. If you do not want to be bothered by
error messages, you can define this to be something invisible. For example,
if you use the GUI version of Vim and your command line is normally white, you
can do >
:hi MatchError guifg=white guibg=white
<
*b:match_ignorecase*
If you >
:let b:match_ignorecase = 1
then matchit.vim acts as if 'ignorecase' is set: for example, "end" and "END"
are equivalent. If you >
:let b:match_ignorecase = 0
then matchit.vim treats "end" and "END" differently. (There will be no
b:match_infercase option unless someone requests it.)
*b:match_debug*
Define b:match_debug if you want debugging information to be saved. See
|matchit-debug|, below.
*b:match_skip*
If b:match_skip is defined, it is passed as the skip argument to
|searchpair()|. This controls when matching structures are skipped, or
ignored. By default, they are ignored inside comments and strings, as
determined by the |syntax| mechanism. (If syntax highlighting is turned off,
nothing is skipped.) You can set b:match_skip to a string, which evaluates to
a non-zero, numerical value if the match is to be skipped or zero if the match
should not be skipped. In addition, the following special values are
supported by matchit.vim:
s:foo becomes (current syntax item) =~ foo
S:foo becomes (current syntax item) !~ foo
r:foo becomes (line before cursor) =~ foo
R:foo becomes (line before cursor) !~ foo
(The "s" is meant to suggest "syntax", and the "r" is meant to suggest
"regular expression".)
Examples:
You can get the default behavior with >
:let b:match_skip = 's:comment\|string'
<
If you want to skip matching structures unless they are at the start
of the line (ignoring whitespace) then you can >
:let b:match_skip = 'R:^\s*'
< Do not do this if strings or comments can span several lines, since
the normal syntax checking will not be done if you set b:match_skip.
In LaTeX, since "%" is used as the comment character, you can >
:let b:match_skip = 'r:%'
< Unfortunately, this will skip anything after "\%", an escaped "%". To
allow for this, and also "\\%" (an excaped backslash followed by the
comment character) you can >
:let b:match_skip = 'r:\(^\|[^\\]\)\(\\\\\)*%'
<
See the $VIMRUNTIME/ftplugin/vim.vim for an example that uses both
syntax and a regular expression.
==============================================================================
4. Supporting a New Language *matchit-newlang*
*b:match_words*
In order for matchit.vim to support a new language, you must define a suitable
pattern for |b:match_words|. You may also want to set some of the
|matchit-configure| variables, as described above. If your language has a
complicated syntax, or many keywords, you will need to know something about
Vim's |regular-expression|s.
The format for |b:match_words| is similar to that of the 'matchpairs' option:
it is a comma (,)-separated list of groups; each group is a colon(:)-separated
list of patterns (regular expressions). Commas and backslashes that are part
of a pattern should be escaped with backslashes ('\:' and '\,'). It is OK to
have only one group; the effect is undefined if a group has only one pattern.
A simple example is >
:let b:match_words = '\<if\>:\<endif\>,'
\ . '\<while\>:\<continue\>:\<break\>:\<endwhile\>'
(In Vim regular expressions, |\<| and |\>| denote word boundaries. Thus "if"
matches the end of "endif" but "\<if\>" does not.) Then banging on the "%"
key will bounce the cursor between "if" and the matching "endif"; and from
"while" to any matching "continue" or "break", then to the matching "endwhile"
and back to the "while". It is almost always easier to use |literal-string|s
(single quotes) as above: '\<if\>' rather than "\\<if\\>" and so on.
Exception: If the ":" character does not appear in b:match_words, then it is
treated as an expression to be evaluated. For example, >
:let b:match_words = 'GetMatchWords()'
allows you to define a function. This can return a different string depending
on the current syntax, for example.
Once you have defined the appropriate value of |b:match_words|, you will
probably want to have this set automatically each time you edit the
appropriate file type. The recommended way to do this is by adding the
definition to a |filetype-plugin| file.
Tips: Be careful that your initial pattern does not match your final pattern.
See the example above for the use of word-boundary expressions. It is usually
better to use ".\{-}" (as many as necessary) instead of ".*" (as many as
possible). See |\{-|. For example, in the string "<tag>label</tag>", "<.*>"
matches the whole string whereas "<.\{-}>" and "<[^>]*>" match "<tag>" and
"</tag>".
*matchit-spaces* *matchit-s:notend*
If "if" is to be paired with "end if" (Note the space!) then word boundaries
are not enough. Instead, define a regular expression s:notend that will match
anything but "end" and use it as follows: >
:let s:notend = '\%(\<end\s\+\)\@<!'
:let b:match_words = s:notend . '\<if\>:\<end\s\+if\>'
< *matchit-s:sol*
This is a simplified version of what is done for Ada. The s:notend is a
|script-variable|. Similarly, you may want to define a start-of-line regular
expression >
:let s:sol = '\%(^\|;\)\s*'
if keywords are only recognized after the start of a line or after a
semicolon (;), with optional white space.
*matchit-backref* *matchit-\1*
In any group, the expressions |\1|, |\2|, ..., |\9| refer to parts of the
INITIAL pattern enclosed in |\(|escaped parentheses|\)|. These are referred
to as back references, or backrefs. For example, >
:let b:match_words = '\<b\(o\+\)\>:\(h\)\1\>'
means that "bo" pairs with "ho" and "boo" pairs with "hoo" and so on. Note
that "\1" does not refer to the "\(h\)" in this example. If you have
"\(nested \(parentheses\)\) then "\d" refers to the d-th "\(" and everything
up to and including the matching "\)": in "\(nested\(parentheses\)\)", "\1"
refers to everything and "\2" refers to "\(parentheses\)". If you use a
variable such as |s:notend| or |s:sol| in the previous paragraph then remember
to count any "\(" patterns in this variable. You do not have to count groups
defined by |\%(\)|.
It should be possible to resolve back references from any pattern in the
group. For example, >
:let b:match_words = '\(foo\)\(bar\):more\1:and\2:end\1\2'
would not work because "\2" cannot be determined from "morefoo" and "\1"
cannot be determined from "andbar". On the other hand, >
:let b:match_words = '\(\(foo\)\(bar\)\):\3\2:end\1'
should work (and have the same effect as "foobar:barfoo:endfoobar"), although
this has not been thoroughly tested.
You can use |zero-width| patterns such as |\@<=| and |\zs|. (The latter has
not been thouroughly tested in matchit.vim.) For example, if the keyword "if"
must occur at the start of the line, with optional white space, you might use
the pattern "\(^\s*\)\@<=if" so that the cursor will end on the "i" instead of
at the start of the line. For another example, if HTML had only one tag then
one could >
:let b:match_words = '<:>,<\@<=tag>:<\@<=/tag>'
so that "%" can bounce between matching "<" and ">" pairs or (starting on
"tag" or "/tag") between matching tags. Without the |\@<=|, the script would
bounce from "tag" to the "<" in "</tag>", and another "%" would not take you
back to where you started.
DEBUGGING *matchit-debug* *:MatchDebug*
If you are having trouble figuring out the appropriate definition of
|b:match_words| then you can take advantage of the same information I use when
debugging the script. This is especially true if you are not sure whether
your patterns or my script are at fault! To make this more convenient, I have
made the command :MatchDebug, which defines the variable |b:match_debug| and
creates a Matchit menu. This menu makes it convenient to check the values of
the variables described below. You will probably also want to read
|matchit-details| above.
Defining the variable |b:match_debug| causes the script to set the following
variables, each time you hit the "%" key. Several of these are only defined
if |b:match_words| includes |backref|s.
*b:match_pat*
The b:match_pat variable is set to |b:match_words| with |backref|s parsed.
*b:match_match*
The b:match_match variable is set to the bit of text that is recognized as a
match.
*b:match_col*
The b:match_col variable is set to the cursor column of the start of the
matching text.
*b:match_wholeBR*
The b:match_wholeBR variable is set to the comma-separated group of patterns
that matches, with |backref|s unparsed.
*b:match_iniBR*
The b:match_iniBR variable is set to the first pattern in |b:match_wholeBR|.
*b:match_ini*
The b:match_ini variable is set to the first pattern in |b:match_wholeBR|,
with |backref|s resolved from |b:match_match|.
*b:match_tail*
The b:match_tail variable is set to the remaining patterns in
|b:match_wholeBR|, with |backref|s resolved from |b:match_match|.
*b:match_word*
The b:match_word variable is set to the pattern from |b:match_wholeBR| that
matches |b:match_match|.
*b:match_table*
The back reference '\'.d refers to the same thing as '\'.b:match_table[d] in
|b:match_word|.
==============================================================================
5. Known Bugs and Limitations *matchit-bugs*
Just because I know about a bug does not mean that it is on my todo list. I
try to respond to reports of bugs that cause real problems. If it does not
cause serious problems, or if there is a work-around, a bug may sit there for
a while. Moral: if a bug (known or not) bothers you, let me know.
The various |:vmap|s defined in the script (%, |g%|, |[%|, |]%|, |a%|) may
have undesired effects in Select mode |Select-mode-mapping|. At least, if you
want to replace the selection with any character in "ag%[]" there will be a
pause of |'updatetime'| first.
It would be nice if "\0" were recognized as the entire pattern. That is, it
would be nice if "foo:\end\0" had the same effect as "\(foo\):\end\1". I may
try to implement this in a future version. (This is not so easy to arrange as
you might think!)
==============================================================================
vim:tw=78:fo=tcq2:

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*project.txt* Plugin for managing multiple projects with multiple sources
For Vim version 6.x and Vim version 7.x.
Last Change: Fri 13 Oct 2006 10:20:13 AM EDT
By Aric Blumer
aricvim email-at-sign charter.net
*project* *project-plugin*
Contents:
Commands...................|project-invoking|
Inheritance.............|project-inheritance|
Mappings...................|project-mappings|
Adding Mappings.....|project-adding-mappings|
Settings...................|project-settings|
Example File................|project-example|
Tips...........................|project-tips|
You can use this plugin's basic functionality to set up a list of
frequently-accessed files for easy navigation. The list of files will be
displayed in a window on the left side of the Vim window, and you can press
<Return> or double-click on filenames in the list to open the files. I find
this easier to use than having to navigate a directory hierarchy with the
|file-explorer|.
You can also instruct the Plugin to change to a directory and to run Vim
scripts when you select a file. These scripts can, for example, modify the
environment to include compilers in $PATH. This makes it very easy to use
quickfix with multiple projects that use different environments.
Other features include:
o Loading/Unloading all the files in a Project (\l, \L, \w, and \W)
o Grepping all the files in a Project (\g and \G)
o Running a user-specified script on a file (can be used to launch an
external program on the file) (\1 through \9)
o Running a user-specified script on all the files in a Project
(\f1-\f9 and \F1-\F9)
o High degree of user-configurability
o Also works with |netrw| using the XXXX://... notation where XXXX is
ftp, rcp, scp, or http.
All of this is specified within a simple text file and a few global variables
in your vimrc file.
You must set 'nocompatible' in your |vimrc| file to use this plugin. You can
stop the plugin from being loaded by setting the "loaded_project" variable: >
:let loaded_project = 1
==============================================================================
COMMANDS *project-invoking*
You can use the plugin by placing it in your plugin directory (e.g.,
~/.vim/plugin). See |add-global-plugin|. When you start vim the next time, you
then enter the command >
:Project
or >
:Project {file}
If you do not specify the filename, $HOME/.vimprojects is used.
To have Vim come up with the Project Window enabled automatically (say, from a
GUI launcher), run Vim like this: [g]vim +Project
Note that you can invoke :Project on only one file at a time. If you wish to
change the Project File, do a :bwipe in the Project Buffer, then re-invoke the
Plugin as described above.
Several Projects can be kept and displayed in the same file, each in a fold
delimited by { and } (see |fold.txt|). There can be any number of nested
folds to provide you with a Project hierarchy. Any line without a { or a } in
the file is considered to be a filename. Blank lines are ignored, and any
text after a # is ignored.
Because the plugin uses standard Vim folds, you can use any of the
|fold-commands|. You can double-click on the first line of a fold to open and
close it. You can select a file to open by putting the cursor on its name and
pressing <Return> or by double-clicking on it. The plugin will create a new
window to the right or use the |CTRL-W_p| equivalent if it exists.
*project-syntax*
Each Project Entry has this form:
project_entry ::=
<Description>={projpath} [{options}] {
[ filename ]
[ project_entry ]
}
{options} is one or more of the following (on the same line):
CD={path}
in={filename}
out={filename}
filter="{pat}"
flags={flag}
Note that a project_entry can reside within a project_entry. This allows you
to set up a hierarchy within your Project.
The <Description> will be displayed in the foldtext and cannot contain "=".
There can be no space character directly on either side of the =.
The {projpath} is the path in which the files listed in the Project's fold
will be found, and it may contain environment variables. If the path is a
relative path, then the plugin constructs the whole path from the Project's
parent, grandparent, etc., all the way up the hierarchy. An outermost
project_entry must have an absolute path. See the |project-inheritance|
example below. {projpath} may contain spaces, but they must be escaped like
normal Vim escapes. Here are two examples of the same directory:
>
Example=/my/directory/with\ spaces {
}
Example="/my/directory/with spaces" {
}
I recommend this for Windows®: >
Example="c:\My Documents" {
}
But Vim is smart enough to do this, too: >
Example=c:\My\ Documents {
}
CD= provides the directory that Vim will change to when you select a file in
that fold (using |:cd|). This allows you, for example, to enter |:make| to use
the local Makefile. A CD=. means that Vim will make {projpath} or its
inherited equivalent the current working directory. When CD is omitted, the
directory is not changed. There can be no space on either side of the =. The
value of CD can also be a relative path from a parent's CD. See the
|project-inheritance| example below. This directive is ignored for |netrw|
projects. Spaces are allowed in the path as for {projpath}.
in= and out= provide the means to run arbitrary Vim scripts whenever you enter
or leave a file's buffer (see the |BufEnter| and |BufLeave| autocommand
events). The idea is to have a Vim script that sets up or tears down the
environment for the Project like this:
in.vim: >
let $PROJECT_HOME='~/my_project'
" Put the compiler in $PATH
if $PATH !~ '/path/to/my/compiler'
let $PATH=$PATH.':/path/to/my/compiler'
endif
out.vim: >
" Remove compiler from $PATH
if $PATH =~ '/path/to/my/compiler'
let $PATH=substitute($PATH, ':/path/to/my/compiler', '', 'g')
endif
Then you can use :make with the proper environment depending on what file you
are currently editing. If the path to the script is relative, then it is
relative from {projpath}. These directives are inherited by Subprojects
unless the Subproject specifies its own. For use with |netrw| projects, the
paths specified for in= and out= must be absolute and local.
filter= specifies a |glob()| file pattern. It is used to regenerate the list
of files in a Project fold when using the \r (<LocalLeader>r) map in the
Project Window. The filter value must be in quotes because it can contain
multiple file patterns. If filter is omitted, then the * pattern is used.
There can be no space on either side of the =. A Subproject will inherit the
filter of its parent unless it specifies its own filter.
flags= provides the means to enable/disable features for a particular fold.
The general mnemonic scheme is for lower case to turn something off and upper
case to turn something on. {flag} can contain any of the following
characters:
flag Description ~
l Turn off recursion for this fold for \L. Subfolds are also
blocked from the recursion.
r Turn off refresh. When present, do not refresh this fold when
\r or \R is used. This does not affect subfold recursion.
S Turn on sorting for refresh and create.
s Turn off sorting for refresh and create.
T Turn on top gravity. Forces folds to the top of the current
fold when refreshing. It has the same affect as the 'T' flag
in g:proj_flags, but controls the feature on a per-fold basis.
t Turn off top gravity. Forces folds to the bottom of the
current fold when refreshing.
w Turn off recursion for this fold for \W. Subfolds are also
blocked from the recursion.
Flags are not inherited by Subprojects.
Any text outside a fold is ignored.
==============================================================================
INHERITANCE *project-inheritance*
It's best to show inheritance by comparing these two Project Files:
>
Parent=~/my_project CD=. filter="Make* *.mk" flags=r {
Child1=c_code {
}
Child2=include CD=. filter="*.h" {
}
}
Child1's path is "~/my_project/c_code" because ~/my_project is inherited. It
also inherits the CD from Parent. Since Parent has CD=., the Parent's cwd is
"~/my_project". Child1 therefore inherits a CD of "~/my_project". Finally,
Child1 inherits the filter from Parent. The flags are not inherited.
Child2 only inherits the "~/my_project" from Parent.
Thus, the example above is exactly equivalent to this:
>
Parent=~/my_project CD=. filter="Make* *.mk" flags=r {
Child1=~/my_project/c_code CD=~/my_project filter="Make* *.mk" {
}
Child2=~/my_project/include CD=~/my_project/include filter="*.h" {
}
}
(For a real Project, Child1 would not want to inherit its parent's filter, but
this example shows the concept.) You can always enter \i to display what the
cursor's project inherits.
==============================================================================
MAPPINGS *project-mappings*
Map Action ~
\r Refreshes the Project fold that the cursor is in by placing in the
fold all the files that match the filter. The Project is refreshed
using an indent of one space for every foldlevel in the hierarchy.
You may place a "# pragma keep" (without the quotes) at the end of a
line, and the file entry on that line will not be removed when you
refresh. This is useful, for example, when you have . as an entry so
you can easily browse the directory.
Note that this mapping is actually <LocalLeader>r, and the default of
|<LocalLeader>| is \.
This does not work for Projects using |netrw|.
\R Executes \r recursively in the current fold and all folds below.
This does not work for Projects using |netrw|.
\c Creates a Project fold entry. It asks for the description, the path
to the files, the CD parameter, and the filename |glob()| pattern.
From this information, it will create the Project Entry below the
cursor.
This does not work for Projects using |netrw|.
\C Creates a Project fold entry like \c, but recursively includes all the
subdirectories.
<Return>
Select a file to open in the |CTRL-W_p| window or in a new window. If
the cursor is on a fold, open or close it.
<S-Return>
\s
Same as <Return> but horizontally split the target window.
<LocalLeader>s is provided for those terminals that don't recognize
<S-Return>.
\S
Load all files in a project by doing horizontal splits.
<C-Return>
\o
Same as <Return> but ensure that the opened file is the only other
window. <LocalLeader>o is provided for those terminals that don't
recognize <C-Return>.
<M-Return>
\v
Same as <Return> but only display the file--the cursor stays in the
Project Window.
<2-LeftMouse>
(Double-click) If on a closed fold, open it. If on an open fold
boundary, close it. If on a filename, open the file in the |CTRL-W_p|
window or in a new window.
<S-2-LeftMouse>
Same as <S-Return>.
<C-2-LeftMouse>
Same as <C-Return>.
<RightMouse>
Increase the width of the Project Window by g:proj_window_increment or
toggle between a width of
g:proj_window_width + g:proj_window_increment
and
g:proj_window_width.
Whether you toggle or monotonically increase the width is determined
by the 't' flag of the g:proj_flags variable (see |project-flags|).
Note that a Right Mouse click will not automatically place the cursor
in the Project Window if it is in a different window. The window will
go back to the g:proj_window_width width when you leave the window.
<space> Same as <RightMouse>
<CTRL-Up>
\<Up>
Move the text or fold under the cursor up one row. This may not work
in a terminal because the terminal is unaware of this key combination.
<LocalLeader><Up> is provided for those terminals that don't recognize
<C-Up>.
<CTRL-Down>
\<Down>
Move the text or fold under the cursor down one row. This may not work
in a terminal because the terminal is unaware of this key combination.
<LocalLeader><Down> is provided for those terminals that don't
recognize <C-Down>.
\i Show in the status line the completely resolved and inherited
parameters for the fold the cursor is in. This is intended for
debugging your relative path and inherited parameters for manually
entered Projects.
\I Show in the status line the completely resolved filename. Uses the
Project_GetFname(line('.')) function.
\1 - \9
Run the command specified in g:proj_run{x} where {x} is the number
of the key. See the documentation of g:proj_run1 below.
\f1-\f9
Run the command specified in g:proj_run_fold{x} where {x} is the
number of the key. The command is run on the files at the current
Project level. See the |project-settings| below.
\F1-\F9
Run the command specified in g:proj_run_fold{x} where {x} is the
number of the key. The command is run on the files at the current
Project level and all Subprojects. See the |project-settings| below.
\0 Display the commands that are defined for \1 through \9.
\f0 Display the commands that are defined for \f1 through \f9 and \F1
through \F0. Same as \F0.
\l Load all the files in the current Project level into Vim. While files
are being loaded, you may press any key to stop.
\L Load all the files in the current Project and all Subprojects into
Vim. Use this mapping with caution--I wouldn't suggest using \L to
load a Project with thousands of files. (BTW, my Project file has more
than 5,300 files in it!) While files are being loaded, you may press
any key to stop.
\w Wipe all the files in the current Project level from Vim. (If files
are modified, they will be saved first.) While files are being wiped,
you may press any key to stop.
\W Wipe all the files in the current Project and all Subprojects from
Vim. (If files are modified, they will be saved first.) While files
are being wiped, you may press any key to stop.
\g Grep all the files in the current Project level.
\G Grep all the files in the current Project level and all Subprojects.
\e Set up the Environment for the Project File as though you had selected
it with <Return>. This allows you to do a \e and a :make without
having to open any files in the project.
\E Explore (using |file-explorer|) the directory of the project the
cursor is in. Does not work with netrw.
<F12> When the 'g' flag is present in g:proj_flags (see |project-flags|)
this key toggles the Project Window open and closed. You may remap
this toggle function by putting the following in your vimrc and
replacing <Leader>P with whatever key combination you wish:
nmap <silent> <Leader>P <Plug>ToggleProject
Note that the Project Plugin remaps :help because the Help Window and the
Project Window get into a fight over placement. The mapping avoids the
problem.
==============================================================================
ADDING MAPPINGS *project-adding-mappings*
You can add your own mappings or change the mappings of the plugin by placing
them in the file $HOME/.vimproject_mappings. This file, if it exists, will be
sourced when the plugin in loaded. Here is an example that will count the
number of entries in a project when you press \K (Kount, C is taken :-): >
function! s:Wc()
let b:loadcount=0
function! SpawnExec(infoline, fname, lineno, data)
let b:loadcount = b:loadcount + 1
if getchar(0) != 0 | let b:stop_everything=1 | endif
endfunction
call Project_ForEach(1, line('.'), "*SpawnExec", 0, '')
delfunction SpawnExec
echon b:loadcount." Files\r"
unlet b:loadcount
if exists("b:stop_everything")
unlet b:stop_everything
echon "Aborted.\r"
endif
endfunction
nnoremap <buffer> <silent> <LocalLeader>K :call <SID>Wc()<CR>
Here's another example of how I integrated the use of perforce with the plugin
in my $HOME/.vimproject_mappings:
>
function! s:DoP4(cmd)
let name=Project_GetFname(line('.'))
let dir=substitute(name, '\(.*\)/.*', '\1', 'g')
exec 'cd '.dir
exec "!".a:cmd.' '.Project_GetFname(line('.'))
cd -
endfunction
nmap <buffer> <silent> \pa :call <SID>DoP4("p4add")<CR>
nmap <buffer> <silent> \pe :call <SID>DoP4("p4edit")<CR>
<
(Note that I CD to the directory the file is in so I can pick of the $P4CONFIG
file. See the perforce documentation.)
This creates the mappings \pe to check out the file for edit and \pa to add
the file to the depot.
Here is another example where I remap the <Return> mapping to use an external
program to launch a special kind of file (in this case, it launches ee to view
a jpg file). It is a bit contrived, but it works.
>
let s:sid = substitute(maparg('<Return>', 'n'), '.*\(<SNR>.\{-}\)_.*', '\1', '')
function! s:LaunchOrWhat()
let fname=Project_GetFname(line('.'))
if fname =~ '\.jpg$'
exec 'silent! !ee "'.fname.'"&'
else
call {s:sid}_DoFoldOrOpenEntry('', 'e')
endif
endfunction
nnoremap <buffer> <silent> <Return> \|:call <SID>LaunchOrWhat()<CR>
<
If the file ends in .jpg, the external program is launched, otherwise the
original mapping of <Return> is run.
==============================================================================
SETTINGS *project-settings*
You can set these variables in your vimrc file before the plugin is loaded to
change its default behavior
g:proj_window_width
The width of the Project Window that the plugin attempts to maintain.
Default: 24
The Project Plugin is not always successful in keeping the window
where I want it with the size specified here, but it does a decent
job.
g:proj_window_increment
The increment by which to increase the width of the Project Window
when pressing <space> or clicking the <LeftMouse>. Default: 100
(See |project-mappings|.)
*project-flags*
g:proj_flags
Default: "imst"
Various flags to control the behavior of the Project Plugin. This
variable can contain any of the following character flags.
flag Description ~
b When present, use the |browse()| when selecting directories
for \c and \C. This is off by default for Windows, because
the windows browser does not allow you to select directories.
c When present, the Project Window will automatically close when
you select a file.
F Float the Project Window. That is, turn off automatic
resizing and placement. This allows placement between other
windows that wish to share similar placement at the side of
the screen. It is also particularly helpful for external
window managers.
g When present, the mapping for <F12> will be created to toggle
the Project Window open and closed.
i When present, display the filename and the current working
directory in the command line when a file is selected for
opening.
l When present, the Project Plugin will use the |:lcd| command
rather than |:cd| to change directories when you select a file
to open. This flag is really obsolete and not of much use
because of L below.
L Similar to l, but install a BufEnter/Leave |:autocommand| to
ensure that the current working directory is changed to the
one specified in the fold CD specification whenever that
buffer is active. (|:lcd| only changes the CWD for a window,
not a buffer.)
m Turn on mapping of the |CTRL-W_o| and |CTRL-W_CTRL_O| normal
mode commands to make the current buffer the only visible
buffer, but keep the Project Window visible, too.
n When present, numbers will be turned on for the project
window.
s When present, the Project Plugin will use syntax highlighting
in the Project Window.
S Turn on sorting for refresh and create.
t When present, toggle the size of the window rather than just
increase the size when pressing <space> or right-clicking.
See the entry for <RightMouse> in |project-mappings|.
T When present, put Subproject folds at the top of the fold when
refreshing.
v When present, use :vimgrep rather than :grep when using \G.
g:proj_run1 ... g:proj_run9
Contains a Vim command to execute on the file. See the
mappings of \1 to \9 above.
%f is replaced with the full path and filename
%F is replaced with the full path and filename with spaces
quoted
%n is replaced with the filename alone
%N is replaced with the filename alone with spaces quoted
%h is replaced with the home directory
%H is replaced with the home directory with spaces quoted
%r is replaced with the directory relative to the CD path
%R is replaced with the directory relative to the CD path
with spaces quoted
%d is replaced with the CD directory.
%D is replaced with the CD directory.with spaces quoted
%% is replaced with a single % that is not used in
expansion.
(Deprecated: %s is also replaced with the full path and
filename for backward compatibility.)
For example, gvim will be launched on the file under the
cursor when you enter \3 if the following is in your vimrc
file: >
let g:proj_run3='silent !gvim %f'
< Here are a few other examples: >
let g:proj_run1='!p4 edit %f'
let g:proj_run2='!p4 add %f'
let g:proj_run4="echo 'Viewing %f'|sil !xterm -e less %f &"
<
On Windows systems you will want to put the %f, %h, and %d in
single quotes to avoid \ escaping.
g:proj_run_fold1 ... g:proj_run_fold9
Contains a Vim command to execute on the files in a fold. See
the mappings of \f1 to \f9 and \F1 to \F9 above.
%f is the filename, %h is replaced with the project home
directory, and %d is replaced with the CD directory. Multiple
filenames can be handled in two ways:
The first (default) way is to have %f replaced with all the
absolute filenames, and the command is run once. The second
is to have the command run for each of the non-absolute
filenames (%f is replaced with one filename at a time). To
select the second behavior, put an '*' character at the
beginning of the g:proj_run_fold{x} variable. (The '*' is
stripped before the command is run.)
For example, note the difference between the following: >
let g:proj_run_fold3="*echo '%h/%f'"
let g:proj_run_fold4="echo '%f'"
<
Note that on Windows systems, you will want the %f, %h, and %c
within single quotes, or the \ in the paths will cause
problems. The alternative is to put them in |escape()|.
==============================================================================
PROJECT EXAMPLE FILE *project-example*
Here is an example ~/.vimprojects file: >
1 My Project=~/c/project CD=. in=in.vim out=out.vim flags=r {
2 Makefile
3 in.vim
4 out.vim
5 GUI Files=. filter="gui*.c gui*.h" {
6 gui_window.c
7 gui_dialog.c
8 gui_list.c
9 gui.h # Header file
10 }
11 Database Files=. filter="data*.c data*.h" {
12 data_read.c
13 data_write.c
14 data.h
15 }
16 OS-Specific Files {
17 Win32=. filter="os_win32*.c os_win32*.h" {
18 os_win32_gui.c
19 os_win32_io.c
20 }
21 Unix=. filter="os_unix*.c os_unix*.h" {
22 os_unix_gui.c
23 os_unix_io.c
24 }
25 }
26 }
(Don't type in the line numbers, of course.)
==============================================================================
TIPS ON USING PROJECT PLUGIN *project-tips*
1. You can create a Project Entry by entering this: >
Label=~/wherever CD=. filter="*.c *.h" {
}
<
Then you can put the cursor in the fold and press \r. The script will fill
in the files (C files in this case) from this directory for you. This is
equivalent to \c without any dialogs.
2. You can edit the Project File at any time to add, remove, or reorder files
in the Project list.
3. If the Project Window ever gets closed, you can just enter >
:Project
< to bring it back again. (You don't need to give it the filename; the
plugin remembers.)
If you have the 'm' flag set in g:proj_flags, then you get the Project
Window to show up again by pressing |CTRL-W_o|. This, of course, will
close any other windows that may be open that the cursor is not in.
4. Adding files to a Project is very easy. To add, for example, the 'more.c'
file to the Project, just insert the filename in the Project Entry then
hit <Return> on it.
5. When |quickfix| loads files, it is not equivalent to pressing <Return> on
a filename, so the directory will not be changed and the scripts will not
be run. (If I could make this otherwise, I would.) The solution is to use
the \L key to load all of the files in the Project before running
quickfix.
6. If the Project window gets a bit cluttered with folds partially
open/closed, you can press |zM| to close everything and tidy it up.
7. For advanced users, I am exporting the function Project_GetAllFnames()
which returns all the filenames within a fold and optionally all its
Subprojects. Also, I export Project_ForEach() for running a function for
each filename in the project. See the code for examples on how to use
these. Finally, I export Project_GetFname(line_number) so that you can
write your own mappings and get the filename for it.
8. Some people have asked how to do a global mapping to take the cursor to
the Project window. One of my goals for the plugin is for it to be as
self-contained as possible, so I'm not going to add it by default. But you
can put this in your vimrc:
>
nmap <silent> <Leader>P :Project<CR>
<
9. You can put the . entry in a project, and it will launch the
|file-explorer| plugin on the directory. To avoid removal when you
refresh, make the entry look like this:
>
. # pragma keep
<
==============================================================================
THANKS
The following people have sent me patches to help with the Project
Plugin development:
Tomas Zellerin
Lawrence Kesteloot
Dave Eggum
A Harrison
Thomas Link
Richard Bair
Eric Arnold
Peter Jones
Eric Van Dewoestine
vim:ts=8 sw=8 noexpandtab tw=78 ft=help:

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